All the best things to do in Athens, Greece for first-time visitors to the iconic city

Athens is a living museum, with history at every turn. The Acropolis, the Parthenon, and the Ancient Agora are just the beginning. Each city layer, from ancient ruins to Byzantine churches, and Ottoman-era mosques, tells a unique story. Named after Athena, the goddess of wisdom according to Greek mythology, Athens is a city of striking contrasts, where the ancient coexist with the modern and cosmopolitan. She is sophisticated yet grungy, organised yet chaotic, and exhibits some occasional rough edges. Take a look at our guide to the best things to do in Athens for first-time visitors.

While our tours were complimentary, all thoughts and opinions are our own.

All the best things to do in Athens for first-time visitors

A cultural capital and gateway to the broader Mediterranean region, Athens is worth getting to know and much more than her ancient past. Having recently deep-dived the destination, we can attest that it rewards those who take the time to dig into its layers of history, culture, and contemporary life. We also asked our friends at Alternative Athens Tours for their distinctly local input to ensure we captured the most important sights and attractions. We did their Mythology Highlights Tour along with their Unexpected Athens Orientation Tour, and both were outstanding.

Central or downtown Athens, where the city’s iconic historic sites and vibrant neighbourhoods are located, is highly walkable. Within a 2.5km square, you can easily explore everything from the ancient ruins of the Acropolis to the charming streets of Plaka or trendy Kolanaki all by foot. And if your feet need a break, the Metro, buses, trolleybuses, and trams are at your service. So, lace up your shoes and get ready to explore.

1. The Acropolis: legends carved in marble

This is top of the list for every first-time visitor to Athens. Entry to the Acropolis now requires you to book your tickets in advance. You nominate an entry time with only a 15-minute window to hit that slot.

Don’t be like us, though, who naively thought it was just some old crumbled rocks and marble we had to do to get the photo. The minimum we suggest is getting an audio guide to make some sense of this 5th-century BCE citadel. Our Alternative Athens guide helped explain the history while weaving together the legends of this UNESCO-listed archaeological site like an ancient storyteller.

Entering through the southern gate, we were introduced to Dionysus, the god of wine, festivity and fertility (the perfect trio, right?), and his namesake theatre before even making it to the top. The stately Theatre of Herodes Atticus, where the great Pavarotti has performed as did Sting in 2024.

Atop Acropolis Hill is the towering colonnaded masterpiece of the Parthenon that was even bigger than we had imagined. Though small by comparison, the Temple of Athena Nike was elegant and commanding with its creamy Pentelic marble. We nearly missed the Erechtheion, but the six graceful, majestic female statues (caryatids) certainly caught our attention as they effortlessly supported the temple.

More on the Ancient Acropolis

2. Acropolis Museum: the Parthenon’s stories unveiled

After soaking in the magnificence of the Acropolis, our guide implored us to dive into the architecturally stunning Acropolis Museum. It didn’t disappoint! First up, the original caryatids from Erechtheion – these 2.28m tall beauties were just as enthralling up close. Incredibly, they held up that temple for centuries.

Our personal favourite? The Parthenon Gallery on level three. This dazzling glass-walled exhibition matches the Parthenon’s original inner chamber, giving a real sense of scale. The surrounding walls displayed the remaining blocks of the temple’s frieze at a height for easier viewing.

Down on the lower ground floor, things got even more remarkable. Archaeological excavation revealed an ancient Athenian neighbourhood depicting human life from the 4th century BCE to the 12th century. Talk about stepping back in time.

With over 4,200 artefacts, the museum is packed with history. It’s beautifully designed with excellent signage and an audio guide that brings it all to life.

Discover more on the Acropolis Museum

3. Temple of Zeus: the God of Gods

So here’s the thing: Athens (and Greece, really) is packed with archaeological sites. They’re everywhere, and if you plan to hop from one ancient ruin to another, it’s worth grabbing a combo ticket and mapping out your must-sees. One of the big hitters is the Temple of Zeus, right in the middle of Athens. Zeus wasn’t just any God; he was the king, protector of all Gods and humans, and the guy everyone looked to when things went south.

As for the temple, 15 of the 104 original Corinthian columns still stand tall. These columns are colossal at 17-metres-high with a 1.7-metre diameter base. Interestingly, it took a whopping 700 years to be completed. Roman Emperor Hadrian oversaw that accomplishment in 131 CE, and in his honour, Hadrian’s Arch was erected nearby.

4. Ancient Agora: the pulse of ancient Athens

The Ancient Agora is where it all happened in 6th century Athens – think of it as the political, commercial, and social hub where big decisions were made.

The ruins are significant; however, the Temple of Hephaistos stands out. It’s Greece’s best-preserved Doric temple, predating the Agora by about 1,000 years. Then there’s the Stoa of Attalos, which was reconstructed and now houses the Museum of Ancient Agora.

5. Roman Agora and Tower of the Winds: predicting ships arriving

Near the inner city neighbourhood of Monastiraki, the Roman Agora once bustled with traders over 2,000 years ago. However, today, the site is much smaller. The centrepiece is the remarkably preserved Tower of the Winds, an ancient octagonal meteorological station. With sundials and a water clock, it also featured a wind vane that merchants used to estimate when their next shipment would arrive in port.

6. Panathenaic Stadium: marble glory and Olympic dreams

Standing before the world’s only all-marble stadium, initially built in 144 CE, was like stepping back into ancient history. We could almost hear the thunderous cheers of 50,000 spectators as athletes competed in sports far different from today’s Olympic events.

After centuries of disuse, the stadium was excavated, restored, and hosted the first modern Olympic Games in 1869 and again in 2004. Seeing how this venue has bridged time is inspiring. Take the guided tour to delve deeper into its fascinating past.

Learn more about the Panathenaic Stadium

7. Syntagma (Constitution) Square: the centre of Athens

Syntagma Square is Athens’s central square. With the Hellenic Parliament standing proudly across the road, the square has been the epicentre of political life, hosting everything from major processions to spirited political protests.

It’s a place where locals and tourists gather, and many city walking and cycling tours kick off from here. Syntagma Metro Station sits underneath, and the bordering streets are also pickup points for other transport options.

8. Changing of the Guards: precision in motion

Just across from Syntagma Square, one of Athens’ most amazing ceremonies happens on the hour. Evzone guards dressed in distinctive uniforms, complete with pleated skirts and pom-pom tipped shoes, change over.

Having stood guarding the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, their slow, high-stepping ritual is performed with hypnotic precision. Interestingly, the movements were designed in part to help the soldiers regain blood circulation after being totally motionless for an hour.

The 11am Sunday version is even more elaborate, drawing larger crowds to witness the dignified pageantry. The grand Parliament House is the backdrop for this mesmerising ceremonial display and free event.

9. National Garden: a serene escape in the heart of Athens

Designed in 1838 by Queen Amalia, the National Garden is a green sanctuary within the bustling streets. The story goes that the Queen could not have children and devoted her time and energy to creating the National Gardens, connecting her to the Athenian people.

Wander the enchanting rambling paths to discover a playground, ponds filled with ducks and turtles, and tranquil spots perfect for unwinding. The grand Zappeion Hall, built in the 1880s and linked to the first modern Olympic games, stands as an elegant backdrop at the southern end of the gardens, adding a touch more history to the lush park.

Neighbourhoods

10. Plaka: Athens’ most charming neighbourhood

We loved getting lost in this enchanting neighbourhood, where neoclassical, Byzantine, and Ottoman architecture blend seamlessly. Its picturesque streets, nestled between the Acropolis and the National Garden, are lined with artisan shops, galleries, and boutiques filled with unique finds. But beyond that, Plaka’s patisseries, gelato shops, cosy tavernas ,and bustling cafes made it a feast of the senses and the perfect place to soak up the Athenian vibe.

11. Monastiraki:  tapestry of time

Sitting beside the charming Plaka, with the northern side of Acropolis Hill towering above, Monastiraki is a lively district steeped in history. Standing in Monastiraki Square, we were captivated by the rich tapestry of architectural styles around us. The domed Ottoman-era mosque building from 1759, the diminutive Greek Orthodox Church of Virgin Mary Pantanassa, the neoclassical style Monastiraki Metro Station and remains of 2nd century CE Hadrian’s Library, all with stories to tell.

This popular meeting place is a vibrant blend of traditional and modern Athens. Wander the streets leading to Avissinias Square and discover a treasure trove of old artefacts, paintings, jewellery, handmade crafts, clothes, souvenirs, books, handmade sandals, and leather goods. There’s something for everyone.

12. Gazi: Athens’ edgy side

Once a gritty industrial burb, Gazi is being transformed into one of Athens’ coolest neighbourhoods. Streets lined with trendy restaurants, cafes, and edgy galleries set the tone. As the sun sets, Gazi comes to life with live music, vibrant (LGBT-friendly) bars and nightclubs open till late. At its heart, the Technopolis, a former gasworks-turned-cultural hotspot, hosts concerts, events and the Athens Jazz Festival. Gazi also has some imaginative street art, particularly around the ILPAP Building.

13. Lycabettus Hill: Athens at your feet

We took the three-minute funicular ride to the top of Lycabettus Hill, orienting ourselves by spotting iconic landmarks in every direction from the panoramic viewpoint. What a magical experience! The quaint, whitewashed 18th-century Church of St George added a sense of serenity and reverence.

Central Athens is generally flat with only three high points – Acropolis, Lycabetus, and Philopappou Hills, with Lycabettus the highest at 277 metres. Skipping the funicular for the return trip, we strolled down the well-used forested paths leading down the other side of the hill. Each new vista revealed a different perspective of the city.

Another local recommendation, the Green Tent Café, part way down, was the perfect spot to sit back, sip a coffee and soak it all in.

14. Philopappou Hill: astounding Acropolis views

Philopappou Hill, a peaceful escape from the hubbub, is accessed off the marble-paved Dionysiou Areopagitou boulevard on the southern side of Acropolis Hill. A shady pine forest path leads to fantastic vantage points to snap the Acropolis, especially at sunset.

At the summit, the Filopappas Monument, a grand Roman structure from the 1st century CE, is a tribute to the Roman senator. Also, pop into the Church of Agios Dimitrios Loumbardiaris with its impressive 16th-century Byzantine frescoes and the intriguing Socrates’ Prison. It’s the perfect spot for history, photography, and a moment of serenity.

15. Kallithea and Piraeus Port: waterfront playground

Athens harbour suburbs with their marinas, recent Olympic facilities, and the superlative Renzo Piano-designed Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Centre (SNFCC) are six kilometres from the city centre. Overlooking the Faliro waterfront and breathing new life into Kallithea, SNFCC is a stunning blend of art, exhibitions and performances. It is home to the Greek National Opera and National Library. Welcoming public spaces host free events. The riveting Dancing Fountains, with the glass-walled modernist building as a backdrop, is a highlight. It’s an ideal spot to wind down with parklands that are perfect for a stroll or bike ride and have excellent dining options. There’s even a free shuttle from Syntagma Square.

Neighbouring Piraeus, the biggest passenger port in Europe, is also seeing a regeneration with its waterfront tavernas enjoying a new lease of life and green developments. An example is Greece’s second tallest building at 84m, Piraeus Tower, which has sweeping views of the passenger port and beyond from the three retail and dining precinct levels.

Museums

Athens, the cradle of Western civilisation, boasts an impressive array of museums that capture the city’s rich heritage. Leading the way is the (already mentioned) Acropolis Museum. History buffs and culture lovers will appreciate the National Archaeological Museum. The Cycladic Art Museum delves into the ancient Cyclades with its distinctive marble figurines and diverse artefacts. Modern-day art enthusiasts will be enthralled at the National Museum of Contemporary Art (EMST).

We found the following three well worth the admission fees.

16. Basil & Elise Goulandris Foundation: world-class art meets Athenian charm

Housed in a redesigned 1920s neoclassical mansion, an easy five-minute walk from Panathenaic (Olympic) Stadium with five floors of exhibition space, this museum is a true gem for art lovers.

Founders Basil and Elise Goulandris aimed to make world-class art accessible to everyone. And they’ve done just that. Inside, we marvelled at masterpieces by van Gogh, Gaugin, Picasso, Kandinsky, Miró, and celebrated Greek artists.

The contemporary art section became a personal favourite, where we spent much time admiring the creativity and debating the meanings behind artworks. The B&E Goulandris shop was a delightful discovery, offering custom-made treasures crafted by Greek artists.

Find out more about Basil & Elise Goulandris Foundation

17. Benaki Museum of Greek Culture

Stood outside the Benaki Museum of Greek Culture just around the corner from Syntagma Square, our Alternative Athens guide told us about a child who loved collecting things. It seems that the child continued his fixations for collecting as an adult. However, this time focused on collecting Greek art from prehistorical to modern times. Antonis Benakis and his family’s foundation now have several museums across Athens, though it was their Museum of Greek Culture that captivated us the most.

This extraordinary collection is delightfully displayed in a neo-classical-style building, and it was a breeze to wander from room to room, lingering longer, where the art truly captured our attention. One standout room was the subduedly lit Byzantine iconography, displaying beautiful depictions of saints and religious figures and offering a glimpse into Greece’s spiritual heritage.

Find out more about the Benaki Museum of Greek Culture

18. Museum of Ancient Greek Technology: hidden treasures of innovation

Don’t let the unassuming entrance in what looks like a traditional Athens apartment building fool you. With a modest entry fee, we stepped into a surprising world of ancient Greek ingenuity. This small museum features around 300 reconstructed models and interactive exhibits.

What truly brought the experience to life for us was the enthusiastic staff, who demonstrated and explained many remarkable inventions. These engaging explanations made complex concepts easier to grasp.

We marvelled at the ingenious applications of pulleys, gears, and hydraulic systems across various fields, including construction, agriculture, astronomy, military, navigation, medical, and even sports and entertainment. From steam propulsion to cryptography, we were inspired by the building blocks of modern technology – alarm clocks, catapults, cranes, wine dispensers, oil presses, doorbells, vending machines, and more.

Learn more about the Museum of Ancient Greek Technology 

Food Adventures

19. Central Food Market (Varvokias Agora): feast for the senses

Step into the bustling heart of Athens at Varvokias Agora, where the old wrought iron halls hum with energy. This traditional market, a true Athenian institution, offers everything from the freshest seafood to aromatic spices. Locals vie for the day’s catch while fruit and vegetable stalls display a produce rainbow. You’ll find cheeses, olives, honey and preserved products that make Greek cuisine famous.

Wander the laneways to discover hidden tavernas and cafes serving local favourites. Coffee lovers should stop at Mokka Speciality Coffee, where you can try traditional Greek coffee brewed on hot sand. Or, cool down with a Freddo Espresso or Freddo Cappuccino – a favourite right across Greece and the only way to have iced coffee.

20: Food tours

We are HUGE fans of food tours as it’s such a wonderful way to explore the layers of a culture, plus it’s like having a really knowledgable local friend show you around.

Alternative Athens also offers a selection of food tours that are wonderful way to get closer to the culinary scene of the city and its people. We’ve already shared our experiences from their Food and Market Tour but they have a range of other options, including an Acropolis Mythology Food Tour and a selection of cooking classes so that you can recreate your Greek faves at home.

Street Art: vibrant expressions of Athens’ spirit

Athens has a distinct grunge element, especially in neighbourhoods like Exarchia, Gazi, Metaxourgeio, and Psiri, where graffiti and more elaborate street art (some covering whole walls of buildings) have a presence. One of our Alternative Athens tour guides gave us a crash course in Greek culture and history, which helped contextualise this.

Much of this bold street art emerged from the economic struggles of Greece’s 2009 financial crisis. The austerity measures (slashed salaries and pensions, cuts to public spending, tax reform and more) hit hard, especially for the younger generation, and people took to the streets in protest – both literally and creatively. Exarchia, in particular, is known for its anarchist vibes, alternative music venues and edgy art galleries.

Athens’s streets remain a canvas for artists like Ino, WD, and Sonke, who make bold statements about politics, social issues, and lifestyle themes. You will encounter theirs and others’ art and tags as you wander central Athens, though a street art tour will add much more to your understanding – of the art and the people who call it home.

Shopping: Athens style

Athens is a shopaholic’s paradise and perhaps a travel partner’s worst nightmare. What sets the city apart is its abundance of Greek brands and family-run businesses, offering a unique and captivating shopping experience devoid of many international retail brands.

Start your retail therapy along Periklious, the pedestrianised Ermou and Mitropoleos streets with alluring boutiques. For a more curated experience, the iconic Attica department store showcases a wealth of Greek designers. For a taste for luxury, the Kolonaki neighbourhood has high-end boutiques featuring Greek and international labels, plus chic art galleries and trendy stores.

For something more eclectic, venture into Monastiraki Flea Market, a joy for antique lovers and bargain hunters, especially on Sunday mornings, or amble the charming Plaka laneways.
And in your meanderings, be sure to stop for a bite! Athens is a foodie’s dream, with tavernas, cafes and patisseries beckoning at every turn.

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